Transaction essentials org.hibernate.Transaction Unified (Web hosting domain) transaction demarcation in Hibernate
Transaction essentials org.hibernate.Transaction Unified transaction demarcation in Hibernate applications. It works in a nonmanaged plain JDBC environment and also in an application server with JTA as the underlying system transaction service. The main benefit, however, is tight integration with persistence context management for example, a Session is flushed automatically when you commit. A persistence context can also have the scope of this transaction (useful for conversations; see the next chapter). Use this API in Java SE if you can t have a JTA-compatible transaction service. javax.transaction.UserTransaction Standardized interface for programmatic transaction control in Java; part of JTA. This should be your primary choice whenever you have a JTA-compatible transaction service and want to control transactions programmatically. javax.persistence.EntityTransaction Standardized interface for programmatic transaction control in Java SE applications that use Java Persistence. Declarative transaction demarcation, on the other hand, doesn t require extra coding; and by definition, it solves the problem of portability. Declarative transaction demarcation In your application, you declare (for example, with annotations on methods) when you wish to work inside a transaction. It s then the responsibility of the application deployer and the runtime environment to handle this concern. The standard container that provides declarative transaction services in Java is an EJB container, and the service is also called container-managed transactions (CMT). We ll again write EJB session beans to show how both Hibernate and Java Persistence can benefit from this service. Before you decide on a particular API, or for declarative transaction demarcation, let s explore these options step by step. First, we assume you re going to use native Hibernate in a plain Java SE application (a client/server web application, desktop application, or any two-tier system). After that, you ll refactor the code to run in a managed Java EE environment (and see how to avoid that refactoring in the first place). We also discuss Java Persistence along the way. 10.1.2 Transactions in a Hibernate application Imagine that you re writing a Hibernate application that has to run in plain Java; no container and no managed database resources are available.
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